{"id":2698,"date":"2017-08-07T05:38:59","date_gmt":"2017-08-07T05:38:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/course.oeru.org\/art101\/?page_id=2698"},"modified":"2017-08-07T05:38:59","modified_gmt":"2017-08-07T05:38:59","slug":"artistic-categories","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/course.oeru.org\/art101\/learning-pathways\/definitions-artistic-roles-and-visual-thinking\/artistic-categories\/","title":{"rendered":"Artistic categories"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Introduction<\/h2>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t
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Visual arts are generally divided into categories that make distinctions based on the context of the work. For example, Leonardo da Vinci\u2019s Mona Lisa<\/i> does not fall into the same category as, say, a poster for a rock concert. Some artworks can be placed in more than one category.\n<\/p>\n

\nDuring the time of the Italian Renaissance, c. 1500, painting was considered the equal of great poetry or literature as they both could affect human conduct (\u201cut pictura poesis\u201d). These works were highly praised and collected and displayed in great museums like the Louvre (Paris) and the National Gallery (London). These paintings had an attained a certain pedigree and were often called \u201cold masters\u201d or fine art. The museum paintings had a definite finish to them and revealed subjects of a serious nature, often based on literature. When the French Impressionists began painting pictures of the countryside, without stories and of a sketchy appearance, these work were not allowed for exhibition in the Louvre. The paintings had to be displayed in private galleries as pictures of everyday life or popular culture. A third type of art appeared in the late 19th-century where designers like William Morris in England began designing items for the mass market such as decorative wall papers. This applied or decorative art flourish under the Art Nouveau banner, but had various names c. 1900 and after.\n<\/p>\n

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Fine art<\/h2>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t
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This category includes drawings, paintings, sculptures, photographs, and, in the last decade, new media that are in museum collections and sold through commercial art galleries. Fine art has a distinction of being some of the finest examples of our human artistic heritage. Here is where you will find the Mona Lisa<\/a>, and ancient sculpture, such as the Gandhara figure from India (see the following image), and stunning ceramics<\/a> from different cultures and time periods.\n<\/p>\n

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