{"id":951,"date":"2017-08-07T05:36:54","date_gmt":"2017-08-07T05:36:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/course.oeru.org\/art102\/?page_id=951"},"modified":"2017-08-07T05:36:54","modified_gmt":"2017-08-07T05:36:54","slug":"painting","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/course.oeru.org\/art102\/learning-pathways\/artistic-media-two-dimensional-art\/painting\/","title":{"rendered":"Painting"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Introduction<\/h2>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t
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Leonardo Da Vinci, Mona Lisa<\/i>, between 1503 and 1505, oil on poplar wood, 76.8 \u00d7 53 cm, Louvre Museum, Paris<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Edvard Munch, The Scream<\/i>, 1893, oil, tempera, and pastel on cardboard, 91 cm \u00d7 73.5 cm, National Gallery, Oslo, Norway<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Vincent van Gogh, The Starry Night<\/i>, The Starry Night, 1889, oil on canvas, 73 \u00d7 92 cm, Museum of Modern Art, New York City<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Painting<\/b> is the application of pigments to a support surface that establishes an image, design or decoration. In art the term \u2018painting\u2019 describes both the act and the result. Most painting is created with pigment in liquid form and applied with a brush. Exceptions to this are found in Navajo sand painting<\/a> and Tibetan mandala painting<\/a>, where powdered pigments are used. <\/p>\n

Three of the most recognizable images in Western art history are paintings: Leonardo da Vinci\u2019s Mona Lisa<\/i>, Edvard Munch\u2019s The Scream<\/i> and Vincent van Gogh\u2019s The Starry Night<\/i>. (See images at right.) These three art works are examples of how painting can go beyond a simple mimetic function, that is, to only imitate what is seen. The power in great painting is that it transcends perceptions to reflect emotional, psychological, even spiritual levels of the human condition. Painting as a medium has survived for thousands of years and is, along with drawing and sculpture, one of the oldest creative mediums. It is used in some form by cultures around the world.\n<\/p>\n

Painting mediums are extremely versatile because they can be applied to many different surfaces (called supports<\/b>) including paper, wood, canvas, plaster, clay, lacquer and concrete. Because paint is usually applied in a liquid or semi-liquid state it has the ability to soak into porous support material, which can, over time, weaken and damage it. To prevent this a support is usually first covered with a ground<\/b>, a mixture of binder and chalk that, when dry, creates a non-porous layer between the support and the painted surface. A typical ground is gesso<\/a>.
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There are six major painting mediums, each with specific individual characteristics:\n<\/p>\n