{"id":3277,"date":"2016-11-01T04:02:51","date_gmt":"2016-11-01T04:02:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/course.oeru.org\/research-methods\/?page_id=3277"},"modified":"2016-11-01T04:02:51","modified_gmt":"2016-11-01T04:02:51","slug":"descriptive-longitudinal-and-cross-sectional","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/course.oeru.org\/research-methods\/modules-1-3\/module-3-research-design\/descriptive-longitudinal-and-cross-sectional\/","title":{"rendered":"Descriptive: longitudinal and cross-sectional"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body container\" role=\"main\">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-12\">\n<div class=\"panel\">\n<div class=\"panel-body\">\n<div id=\"bodyContent\">\n<div id=\"mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\">\n<p>What if you want to study how things develop <b>over time<\/b>?  In that case, you have two options.  You can go with a <b>longitudinal<\/b> design, or a <b>cross-sectional<\/b> design.  Let&#8217;s check them out.\n<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Media:_Researching_development_over_time\">Media: Researching development over time<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>This video describes the two approaches for studying development over time.\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"plainlinks\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"425px\" height=\"355px\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Twa1y8U-OBY?rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Key_points:\">Key points:<\/span><\/h3>\n<table class=\"oeru1 table table-striped\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"3\" style=\"text-align: center;\"> Cross-sectional vs. Longitudinal\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\n<\/th>\n<th>Cross-sectional (&#8220;between subject&#8221;)\n<\/th>\n<th>Longitudinal (&#8220;within subject&#8221;)\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Advantages\n<\/th>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li> Quick\n<\/li>\n<li> Access to more participants\n<\/li>\n<li> Lower costs\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li> Greater confidence in results\n<\/li>\n<li> Greater detail\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Disadvantages\n<\/th>\n<td> Potential period bias\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li> Costly\n<\/li>\n<li> Time consuming\n<\/li>\n<li> Limited access to participants\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"panel iDevice\">\n\t<div class=\"panel-heading idevice-heading\">\n\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"pedagogicalicon\" alt=\"activities\" src=\"https:\/\/course.oeru.org\/research-methods\/wp-content\/themes\/oeru_course\/idevices\/Icon_activity.png\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t<h2>Reflective Activities: find your own examples<\/h2>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\n\t\t<div class=\"col-md-12\">\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Find an academic journal article that covers a topic in your chosen field (or a topic of your research interest) that utilises a \u2018Cross-sectional\u2019 and\/or \u2018Longitudinal\u2019 approach. How was this approach effective in the author\u2019s investigation?\n<\/li>\n<li> How do the designs affect your confidence in the authors&#8217; results and conclusions?  Post your thoughts in the discussion forum.\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCPU time usage: 0.025 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.026 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 122\/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 984\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 2516\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 1003\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 7\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\n--><\/p>\n<p><!-- Saved in parser cache with key wikiedu-mw_:pcache:idhash:170583-0!*!*!!*!2!* and timestamp 20161101040249 and revision id 987861\n -->\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"visualClear\"><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-12\">\n<ul class=\"pager\">\n<li class=\"previous\">\n            <a href=\"\/research-methods\/modules-1-3\/module-3-research-design\/comparative-research-design\">\u2190 Previous<\/a>\n          <\/li>\n<li class=\"next\">\n            <a href=\"\/research-methods\/modules-1-3\/module-3-research-design\/narrative-research-design\">Next \u2192<\/a>\n          <\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<footer>\n<br \/>\n<\/footer>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What if you want to study how things develop over time? In that case, you have two options. You can go with a longitudinal design, or a cross-sectional design. Let&#8217;s check them out. Media: Researching development over time This video describes the two approaches for studying development over time. Key points: Cross-sectional vs. Longitudinal Cross-sectional [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":3269,"menu_order":3000,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3277","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/course.oeru.org\/research-methods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3277","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/course.oeru.org\/research-methods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/course.oeru.org\/research-methods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/course.oeru.org\/research-methods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/course.oeru.org\/research-methods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3277"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/course.oeru.org\/research-methods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3277\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3278,"href":"https:\/\/course.oeru.org\/research-methods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3277\/revisions\/3278"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/course.oeru.org\/research-methods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3269"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/course.oeru.org\/research-methods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}